Correlation between Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Dyslipidaemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading noncommunicable diseases all over the world including India. Diabetes is
characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of ≥6.5% has been included as a criterion for diagnosis of diabetes. Impaired lipid profile is commonly present in type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital over a period of 6 months. A total 90 patients with T2DM of age more than 30 years were selected for the purpose. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were evaluated. Test of significance was calculated by unpaired Student's 't' test. Correlation studies (Pearson's correlation) were performed between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum lipid profile. Result: In our study, among 90 Type 2 diabetic individuals included in this study, 39 were male and 51 were female. Distribution of Glucose Triad results of FBS, PPBS and HbA1c levels of patients presented as Mean±SD, mean FBS was 187.62±48.32, mean PPBS was 227.46±83.14 and mean HbA1c was 7.97±0.69. Mean total cholesterol was 193.34 ± 13.73, mean total triglyceride was 201.65 ± 14.94, Mean HDL was 36.38 ± 3.74, mean LDL was 116.63 ± 8.74 and VLDL
was 40.33 ± 1.73. HbA1c positively and significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=0.204), LDL (r=0.297), HbA1c negatively and significantly correlated with HDL (r= - - 0.136), and did not show any show correlation with VLDL (r=0.053) and total triglycerides (r=0.027). Conclusion: The study concluded that HbA1c value correlate well with lipid profile in-diabetes patients. So, HbA1c can be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. This may help in predicting the lipid profile levels from the degree of glycemic control and therefore, identifying the patients with increased risk of diabetic complications.