Study on Prevalence and Etiology of Early Neonatal Deaths in Jasin district, Melaka from 2014-2017

Sujata Khobragade MBA; Siti Zaleha Binti Suleiman MMed Fam Med; Adinegara Lutfi Abas MPH; Intan Azura Mohd. Din MPH; Noor Razliyana Yahya MBBS; Yadneshwar Khobragade MD

doi:10.47310/iarjmsr.2021.V02i03.06

Authors

Sujata Khobragade MBA Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia (MUCM), Melaka
Siti Zaleha Binti Suleiman MMed Fam Med Specialist Family Medicine (FMS) and I/C Clinic Kesihatan Merlimau, and Part-time Lecturer, MUCM, Melaka
Adinegara Lutfi Abas MPH Professor and HOD Community Medicine and Dean, MUCM, Melaka
Intan Azura Mohd. Din MPH District Public Health Physician, Jasin, Malaysia
Noor Razliyana Yahya MBBS Maternal and Child Health Officer, Jasin, Malaysia
Yadneshwar Khobragade MD Professor, Department of Community Medicine, MUCM, Melaka, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjmsr.2021.V02i03.06

Keywords:

Early neonatal deaths, Immaturity, Low birth weight, Congenital malformation, Asphyxia.

Abstract

Background: Neonatal mortality rate is in the range of 3.2- 4.2 since 2013 in Melaka state but records of Jasin district which is a part of this state, had shown higher early neonatal deaths. Hence, this study was conducted to find out prevalence of early neonatal deaths and its causes from 2014-17. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was done in Jasin district using universal sampling method from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. Initially records of all perinatal deaths from 2014-17 were checked and proforma was filled in and later early neonatal deaths were segregated from the main excel sheet and analyzed for prevalence and etiology. Results: We found prevalence of early neonatal mortality rate of 5.56/1000. Forty-one percent deaths occurred in 24 hours of life followed by 22% on day 2. Preterm birth accounted for ¾ of the total deaths and 63.44% deaths seen in low birth weight (<2500grams). Fifty-one of all deaths had congenital malformation, 17.8% had infection, 15.5 % each died due to asphyxia and immaturity. Conclusion: Prematurity, low birth weight and congenital malformation are the main causes during 0-6 days of life. Hence provision of good obstetric care, educating pregnant women on nutritious diet, vaccination and follow up is necessary. Apart from this there is a need to have upgradation of neonatal resuscitation services.